Archive
Taxonomy Archive: peer-reviewed article
20 Apr 2018 |
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Life cycle air quality impacts of conventional and alternative light-duty transportation in the United States
Commonly considered strategies for reducing the environmental impact of light-duty transportation include using alternative fuels and improving vehicle fuel economy. We evaluate the air quality-related human health impacts of 10 such options, including the use of liquid biofuels, diesel, and compressed natural gas (CNG) in internal ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Improving Public Engagement With Climate Change: Five “Best Practice” Insights From Psychological Science
Despite being one of the most important societal challenges of the 21st century, public engagement with climate change currently remains low in the United States. Mounting evidence from across the behavioral sciences has found that most people regard climate change as a nonurgent and psychologically distant risk—spatially, ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Climate Change and Food Systems
Food systems contribute 19%–29% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, releasing 9,800–16,900 megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2e) in 2008. Agricultural production, including indirect emissions associated with land-cover change, contributes 80%–86% of total food system emissions, with significant ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Freshwater harmful algal blooms: toxins and children’s health
Massive accumulations of cyanobacteria (a.k.a. “blue-green algae”), known as freshwater harmful algal blooms (FHABs), are a common global occurrence in water bodies used for recreational purposes and drinking water purification. Bloom prevalence is increased due to anthropogenic changes in land use, agricultural activity, ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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What We Breathe Impacts Our Health: Improving Understanding of the Link between Air Pollution and Health
Air pollution contributes to the premature deaths of millions of people each year around the world, and air quality problems are growing in many developing nations. While past policy efforts have succeeded in reducing particulate matter and trace gases in North America and Europe, adverse health effects are found at even these lower ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Public health benefits of strategies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions: household energy
Energy used in dwellings is an important target for actions to avert climate change. Properly designed and implemented, such actions could have major co-benefits for public health. To investigate, we examined the effect of hypothetical strategies to improve energy efficiency in UK housing stock and to introduce 150 million ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Urban green space, public health, and environmental justice: The challenge of making cities ‘just green enough’
Urban green space, such as parks, forests, green roofs, streams, and community gardens, provides critical ecosystem services. Green space also promotes physical activity, psychological well-being, and the general public health of urban residents. This paper reviews the Anglo-American literature on urban green space, especially parks, ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Cobenefits of replacing car trips with alternative transportation: a review of evidence and methodological issues
It has been reported that motor vehicle emissions contribute nearly a quarter of world energy-related greenhouse gases and cause nonnegligible air pollution primarily in urban areas. Reducing car use and increasing ecofriendly alternative transport, such as public and active transport, are efficient approaches to mitigate harmful ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Environmental implications of anesthetic gases
For several decades, anesthetic gases have greatly enhanced the comfort and outcome for patients during surgery. The benefits of these agents have heavily outweighed the risks. In recent years, the attention towards their overall contribution to global climate change and the environment has increased. Anesthesia providers have a ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Global climate change, war, and population decline in recent human history
Although scientists have warned of possible social perils resulting from climate change, the impacts of long-term climate change on social unrest and population collapse have not been quantitatively investigated. In this study, high-resolution paleo-climatic data have been used to explore at a macroscale the effects of climate change ...