Archive
Taxonomy Archive: academic
20 Apr 2018 |
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Neighborhood Effects on Heat Deaths: Social and Environmental Predictors of Vulnerability in Maricopa County, Arizona
Background: Most heat-related deaths occur in cities, and future trends in global climate change and urbanization may amplify this trend. Understanding how neighborhoods affect heat mortality fills an important gap between studies of individual susceptibility to heat and broadly comparative studies of temperature–mortality ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Nature and Health
Urbanization, resource exploitation, and lifestyle changes have diminished possibilities for human contact with nature in many societies. Concern about the loss has helped motivate research on the health benefits of contact with nature. Reviewing that research here, we focus on nature as represented by aspects of the physical ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Why sustainable population growth is a key to climate change and public health equity
Australia’s population could reach 42 million by 2050. This rapid population growth, if unabated, will have significant social, public health and environmental implications. On the one hand, it is a major driver of climate change and environmental degradation; on the other it is likely to be a major contributor to growing ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Constraints and barriers to public health adaptation to climate change: a review of the literature
Public health adaptation to climate change is an important issue and inevitably is needed to address the adverse health impacts of climate change over the next few decades. This paper provides an overview of the constraints and barriers to public health adaptation and explores future research directions in this emerging field. An ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Potential effects of global environmental changes on cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis transmission
Global climate change will affect the viability and spread of zoonotic parasites, while agricultural land use changes will influence infection sources and reservoirs. The health impact of these environmental changes will depend on the social, economic and physical resilience of the population. This review describes the influence of ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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What can individuals do to reduce personal health risks from air pollution?
In many areas of the world, concentrations of ambient air pollutants exceed levels associated with increased risk of acute and chronic health problems. While effective policies to reduce emissions at their sources are clearly preferable, some evidence supports the effectiveness of individual actions to reduce exposure and health ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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The health benefits of urban green spaces: a review of the evidence
BACKGROUND: Urban development projects can be costly and have health impacts. An evidence-based approach to urban planning is therefore essential. However, the evidence for physical and non-physical health benefits of urban green space is unclear. METHODS: A literature search of academic and grey literature was conducted for studies ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Panel studies of air pollution on children’s lung function and respiratory symptoms: a literature review
OBJECTIVE: This article reviews panel studies of air pollution on children’s respiratory health and proposes future research directions. METHODS: The PubMed electronic database was used to search published original epidemiological studies in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to November 2011. Children’s age was limited to ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Implications of climate change for skin cancer prevention in Australia
It is estimated that nearly 450,000 Australians get skin cancer every year. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight has been identified as the cause of more than 95% of skin cancers in Australia. Accordingly, the focus of skin cancer prevention programs is reducing exposure to UV radiation. In Victoria, improvements in sun ...
20 Apr 2018 |
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Impediments to Comprehensive Research on Climate Change and Health
During every climatic era Life on Earth is constrained by a limited range of climatic conditions, outside which thriving and then surviving becomes difficult. This applies at both planetary and organism (species) levels. Further, many causal influences of climate change on human health entail changes—often disruptive, sometimes ...