This report was developed as a policy-relevant summary of potential benefits to health from reducing emissions of short-lived climate pollutants. The report brings together available knowledge from the health and climate domain into one scoping review. The document provides information on direct and indirect health effects of SLCPs and draws key mitigation actions with potential to produce major climate and health benefits. Identified mitigation actions in the report include transport, agriculture, household energy production, industry, electricity generation, and waste management sector. A dedicated section of the report investigates SLCP reduction measures in cities and urban areas. The report synthesizes a now-considerable literature on SLCPs to summarize the state of evidence linking them to human health, and outlines priority areas for mitigation action.