Human health risks and impacts from climate change constitute significant threats. Reducing vulnerability, increasing resilience and improving adaptation to climate change is vital, but what shapes them is still poorly understood. To examine what shapes human vulnerability, resilience and adaptation, and the connections that exist between these concepts. A literature review focused on assets, human vulnerability, resilience and adaptation drawing on the disciplinary fields of health, sociology, disaster science and environmental science is presented in this paper. Research on these concepts has seen a growing interest in recent decades, but has been limited by the fact that they emerged and evolved from different disciplinary perspectives.